رویکردی نو بر آموزش کودکان

رویکردی نو بر آموزش کودکان

اثربخشی مداخلات خانواده محور بر شیوه های فرزندپروری والدین و نشانه های بیش فعالی کودکان در شهر زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار، روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد زنجان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران.
3 استاد، گروه روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی ، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی مداخلات خانواده محور در شیوه های فرزندپروری والدین و کاهش نشانه های بیش فعالی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه/ بیش‌فعالی اجرا شد. این پژوهش از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون، پس آزمون و گروه کنترل است و جامعه آماری کلیه کودکان شهر زنجان در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400 (رده سنی 8 تا 11 سال) بود. بر این اساس از طریق نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای به صورت انتخاب تصادفی، 4 مدرسه از ناحیه 1 و 2 آموزش و پرورش شهر زنجان انتخاب و دانش آموزانی که دچار اختلال بیش فعالی بودند شناسایی و 20 نفر از میان آن ها انتخاب شد. پس از یکسان سازی با توجه به متغیرهای سن، جنسیت و میزان اختلال نقص‌توجه/ بیش‌فعالی در دو گروه آزمایش(10نفر) و کنترل(10 نفر) قرار گرفتند. برای تشخیص اختلال نقص‌توجه بیش‌فعالی از نظر دو متخصص بهره گرفته و سپس از پرسشنامه کانرز والدین و برای شیوه های فرزنپروری از پرسشنامه آلاباما استفاده شد. شرکت کنندگان در گروه آزمایش به مدت 8 هفته (16 جلسه 90 دقیقه ای) به همراه مادران در جلسات فرزندپروری همراه با بازی درمانی شرکت کردند. در این مدت گروه کنترل بدون هیچ مداخله ای در نوبت انتظار قرار گرفتند و سپس از آن ها پس آزمون به عمل آمد. داده ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل کوواریانس تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که مداخلات خانواده محور منجربه بهبود معنادار شیوه های فرزند پروری و کاهش معنادار نشانه های اختلال نقص‌توجه/ بیش‌فعالی (با شدت اثر 62/0)در گروه کنترل شده است. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که این روش برای کمک به کاهش نشانه های اختلال نقص‌توجه/ بیش‌فعالی و بهبود شیوه های فرزند پروری مناسب می باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

The effectiveness of family-oriented interventions on parents' parenting methods and children's hyperactivity symptoms in Zanjan city

نویسندگان English

Maryam Mostafavi 1
Masoud Hejazi 2
Gholam Ali Afrooz 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Humanities, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of family-oriented interventions in parents' parenting methods and reducing hyperactivity symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This research is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and control group design, and the statistical population was all the children of Zanjan city in the academic year of 2023 (age range 8 to 11 years). Based on this, through multi-stage cluster sampling in the form of random selection, 4 schools were selected from the 1st and 2nd education districts of Zanjan city and the students who had hyperactivity disorder were identified and 20 people were selected from among them. After homogenization according to the age, gender and level of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, they were divided into two experimental (10 people) and control (10 people) groups. Two experts were used to diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and then Connors parent questionnaire was used and Alabama questionnaire was used for parenting methods. Participants in the experimental group participated in parenting sessions with play therapy for 8 weeks (16 90-minute sessions) with their mothers. During this period, the control group was placed in the waiting line without any intervention, and then the post-test was performed on them. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that family-oriented interventions led to a significant improvement in parenting practices and a significant reduction in the symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (with an effect intensity of 0.62) in the control group. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that this method is suitable to help reduce the symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and improve parenting methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

family-oriented interventions
parenting methods
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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  • تاریخ دریافت 13 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 17 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 17 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 01 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 آذر 1402