Background and Objective: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), recognized as one of the most complex psychopathological personality patterns, is characterized by emotional instability, unstable interpersonal relationships, and impaired self-concept coherence. Recent research highlights the role of schema modes and emotional information processing as underlying factors in BPD, with executive functions potentially serving as a critical mediating mechanism. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate a model predicting BPD symptoms based on schema modes and emotional processing, mediated by executive functions, among men and women in Isfahan.

Methodology: This study employed a descriptive-correlational design using structural equation modeling (SEM). The target population consisted of all men and women aged 18 to 45 years in Isfahan in 2025. A convenience sampling method was used, resulting in a sample of 400 participants (200 women and 200 men). Data were collected using the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI-1999), Young Schema Mode Inventory (Y-SMI-2008), Emotional Processing Scale (EPS-2010), and Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS-2011). Data were analyzed using SPSS-31 and AMOS-29 software.

Statistical Findings: The statistical findings showed that borderline personality traits had a significant positive correlation with schema modes and emotional information processing styles, meaning that the higher the intensity of schema modes and emotional processing in individuals, the higher the severity of borderline personality traits (p < 0.01). On the other hand, borderline personality traits had a significant negative correlation with executive functions, indicating that stronger executive functions were associated with lower severity of borderline personality traits (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The findings suggest that maladaptive schema modes and dysfunctional emotional processing styles significantly contribute to the severity of BPD symptoms through the impairment of executive functions. These results underscore the mediating role of executive functions as a key mechanism in the transmission of cognitive-emotional effects, highlighting the need for multilevel clinical interventions. Consequently, interventions focused on restructuring maladaptive schemas, enhancing emotional processing, and strengthening executive functions can facilitate the development of integrated, evidence-based approaches for treating BPD.