A new approach to children's education quarterly

A new approach to children's education quarterly

Comparison of educational views of John Locke and Herbert Spencer and explanation of implicit educational implications of these two views in education

Document Type : Review

Authors
azam ahmadpour 1
Maryam ashrafi 2
fereshte mohamadisaghaei 3
1 PhD student, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch
2 Student of Doctor of Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch
3 Master of Social Work, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran
10.22034/naes.2022.359566.1265
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine the educational views of John Locke and Herbert Spencer in the 17th century. John Locke is widely known as the father of classical liberalism. Spencer was one of the first to apply Darwinism to social issues and also determine the policy of non-intervention through biological evidence. In contrast to Spencer, John Locke was a political activist and a politician, and he has used all his strength to defend the concept of property, while Spencer cared about the community.

According to Locke, man is a truly altruistic creature. Locke's views were effective on the development of epistemology and political philosophy. He is considered one of the most influential thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment. Locke saw the human mind as a white board, which was filled with information through experience and senses, and he considered reason to be potential in human existence. According to Locke, the main goal in education is to acquire moral competence, and according to Spencer, the ultimate goal is to make society as An organism reaches equilibrium. On the other hand, unlike Locke, who was a classical liberal, he did not consider the society and the state to be an artefact of human reason, but believed that the state was created in the process of social evolution, and rationality and purposefulness cannot be applied to it. The method used In this research, it is descriptive-analytical.
Keywords
John Locke
Herbert Spencer
17th century
education
upbringing

Subjects

[1] Naqibzadeh MH. Speeches in Philosophy and Philosophy of Education, Tehran, Tahori Publications, 1993: 198. [Persian]
[2] Zamiri A. Education, Shiraz, Rahgosha, 1995; (1): 102. [Persian]
[3] Tousi MA. History of education and education in Bakhtar, Iran Revolution Sepahian University Publications, 1975: 132-133. [Persian]
[4] Mayer F. History of Educational Thoughts, translated by Ali Asghar Fayaz, Tehran, Samt Publications, 1995: 318-319. [Persian]
[5] Kardan AM. "Seyre Ara Tarbiati Dar Gharb". Tehran, Semit Publications, first edition. 2002; 120-177. [Persian]
[6] Wikipedia free encyclopedia. [Persian]
[7] Peel J. Herbert Spencer: The Evolution of a Sociologist. New Yourk: Basic. 1971.
[8] Martindale D. The Nature and Types of Sociological Theory. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press. 1988.
[9]  Spencer H.  Social Statics and the Man Versus the State. New York: Appleton. 1908; 150. 
[10] Spencer H. Social Statics and the Man Versus the State. New York: Appleton. 1908; 55-154. 
A new approach to children's education quarterly
Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 14
Summer 2022
Pages 181-188

  • Receive Date 28 August 2022
  • Revise Date 23 September 2022
  • Accept Date 22 September 2022
  • First Publish Date 22 September 2022
  • Publish Date 22 December 2022