Contemporary Challenges in Elementary Education Curriculum such as Economic Challenges, Economics and Labor, Technology, Social and Personal Challenges, Globalization and Localization, Gender, Environmental Issues, Multi They are cultural, futuristic and futuristic, multiple intelligences, religion and spirituality, internationalization, peace education, linguistic minorities, and so on. The purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges of Iranian elementary education system. The research method is review and libraries. The findings of this study indicate that the challenges of the education system in the Eidahi period can be divided into three general categories, namely: Iran's education challenges globally , Past value devaluation, the phenomenon of inequalities in education, the phenomenon of modern illiteracy, the inattention to mindsets, foreign language education, the challenge of poverty, homelessness and student health), the general challenges of education (including: management and organizational structure). , Teachers, curriculum, resources and allocation) and elementary education challenges.